0 or 1. QF Pipe. Quick-Fit® Elbows clamp together for fast, easy installation in dust collection systems. QFS Ducting. Duct Elbows (bends), pressed or segmented, for use in process ventilation / dust collection systems. Dust Collection System Clamp-Together Ducting Re-useable, easy to modify and easy to move as your needs change Nordfab provides: quick delivery, order tracking and lower freight costs Quick-Fit. The Nordfab Inline Spark Trap can quickly and easily be mounted into Quick-Fit (QF) ducting systems, or other duct systems with use of a Nordfab adaptor, and the trap can easily be removed for cleanout. Clips for Nordfab Mild Steel industrial duct system. NORDFAB DUCTING PRODUCT REFERENCE 2019 2 The world’s fastest ducting ™ The World’s Fastest Ducting Nordfab’s Quick-Fit ® (QF ) clamp together duct is “The World’s FasNordfab has expanded its Asia presence with the purchase of the Ezi-Duct Pty Ltd business on April 28, 2022. flanged ends in diameters up to 72", and other various end types. By using Quick-Fit Visaul® our dealers can easily create 3D designs to allow their clients to better visualize Nordfab duct. Clamp one end of the assembly into place. Nordfab has a variety of duct hanging devices, but it is your responsibility to ensure the safety of all ducting. or mild steel construction. +45 86 47 11 00 - [email protected] world’s fastest industrial ducting™ Get the right ducting for your dust collection system The Right Expertise Nordfab introduced Quick-Fit clamp-together ductwork, with its unique rolled edge ends and easy-to-use clamps, in 1990. The Angle Flange Adapter has a QF rolled edge on one end and a Nordfab Products, which is an industry standard angle ring, on. NordCAD 3. FB ductwork for process ventilation and dust collection systems. Contact Nordfab or your Nordfab Authorized Dealer when you need pricing for ducting in larger sizes, a gauge not shown here, or a customized product. Flexible ducting /hose and hose clamps for use in process ventilation and dust. 8010004038. Dust collection ductwork falls into two major categories—flexible hose duct and hard, fixed duct. Flanges available with industry standard or custom hole patterns. Connects clamp-together duct to straight connection machine ports. Nordfab Quick-Fit Visual (QFV) is an award-winning 3D duct design tool. Nordfab's Rigid Flex Steel Hose is for applications involving higher temperatures or abrasive material. Available in sizes Ø 080-300. The Nordfab Barrel Hood is designed to fit 55 gallon drums. Manual or Automatic Dampers allow regulation of the volume of airflow through a section. Quick-Fit® Elbows clamp together for fast, easy installation. Adapting Quick-Fit® Ducting to Existing Flanged Ductwork. QF Butterfly Valve. ø80 - 710mm, galvanised steel or 304SS construction in new 2 meter length. Nordfab 10 gauge Flanged Duct Pipe is excellent for highly abrasive materials / high wear applications or other applications where ducting may need to be extra sturdy. Your local dealer may request that. For immediate assistance in the Americas, please call our Customer Service team during normal business hours, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm EST, at 336-821-0801 or 800-532-0830. While blast gates can be used to effectively utilize an undersized. Nordfab® Flanged Adapters Flanged Duct Adapters for use in process ventilation / dust collection systems, including Reducers and End Plates. In addition to saving time and reducing labor costs, the flexibility of Gripple hangers allows suspension of ductwork from nearly any angle, yet maintains unyielding support. Contaminants can endanger employees' health and damage equipment used in production. The company's ductwork is designed to meet or exceed industry standards, ensuring that customers can rely on Nordfab's products to provide safe and effective dust collection solutions for their facilities. Standard Nordfab QF® elbows, also referred to as Bends, are available in 90°, 60°, 45°, and 30° with radiuses of 1. 14 Gauge Flanged Elbows (bends) allow airflow direction change in a line of dust collection ducting. 888-372-0050 [email protected] Jet Cap. Manufacturer produces high-end custom furniture and custom wood flooring. Nordfab ducting is the industry leader in clamp-together ducting for dust, mist and smoke collection. General purpose oil resistant polymer. Nordfab Installation Design Tools. Duct System Fast, Friendly and Reliable 800-532-0830. These products are fully constructed in the specified gauge and not with lighter gauge collars. Nordfab High Vacuum Duct Systems are used in applications with high vacuum and low airflow being used to catch, transport and filter fumes, dust and other particles. Quick-Fit is a modular design system available in diameters from 80 mm – 710 mm. 1-800-673-828 - [email. The Nordfab Product Reference shows the full range of construction materials available for each product, in addition to other product details and photos. At temperatures ranging between 200° C and 250° C, the zinc-iron alloy layers in galvanised steel will continue to provide a high level of protection from corrosion. Prevents rain from entering. 5″ – 6″ can be sold in 5′ increments of up to a 25′ maximum length. When ordering reducers, specify dimensions of both A and B ends. Nordfab is the world’s largest manufacturer of clamp-together ducting for dust, mist, fume, and smoke collection. Nordfab Quick-Fit® ducting is a practical alternative to spiral pipe or angle-flanged ducting. Air pollution, such as welding fumes, oil mist, and metal dust, is a common problem in metal fabricating and forming facilities. By clicking "Submit" below, you consent to having Nordfab collect your contact information. Cut the duct (NOT the QF Slip Duct) approximately 100mm shorter than the length necessary to complete the span. Galvanized steel or 304SS construction. Nordfab’s 14 Gauge Automatic Diverter Valves provide a high efficiency, economical method of diverting the flow of material or air via power open and close. Nordfab Quick-Fit Ducting. Wood Dust Ducting. In comparison to other ducting typically used in fit-together / clamp-together systems, Nordfab’s QF duct pipe has fully welded, leak-tight laser or plasma welded seams. 3249-2418-200000. Products. Use this Price List with our Product. Galvanized steel or 304SS construction. Angle Flanges are attached loosely and retained via a vanstone lip. A crucial yet often overlooked aspect of woodworking facilities is the ducting system, which plays a vital role in maintaining a clean, safe, and productive environment. Nordfab Installation Design Tools; Quick-Fit Visual 3D Design;The dust collection ductwork is the hose and wand that draws the dust away from the machine creating pollutants. News. service temperature up to 600 ºF. The Nordfab QF® Ball Joint allows up to 22° of movement off-center in a dust collection system. 8040401801. fabrication space capable of handling any size of custom sheet metal fabrication project. Angle Flange Gaskets available. Nordfab’s Quick-Fit Sealed (QFS) ducting offers an unbeatable solution for oil mist and cutting fluid applications as well as all other general purpose dust extraction duties. Nordfab® Flanged Branches. They manufacture their “Quick-Fit” line of ducting. We can provide hoods to your custom design, including enclosing hoods, close capture hoods, and slotted hoods, as well as rectangular to round inline duct transitions. Available in 90°, 60°, 45°, and 30° with a radius of 1. Nordfab’s QF Floor Sweep is easily clamped into Quick-Fit® Ducting systems to provide a quick and easy way to dispose of dust and debris in a shop or manufacturing facility. Flanged Ducting. Nordfab Ducting 150 Transit Avenue Thomasville, NC 27360 800-532-0830 As a manufacturer of environmental technology products, we are proud to help supply cleaner air for workers and equipment in workplaces of all sizes and types. The QFS Gas Damper EXNE is designed to shut off upon detection of flames or smoke in the collector, to prevent explosions upstream. FB ductwork for dust collection and process ventilation systems. Nordfab can assist customers in designing a blast-gated system, taking into account flow dynamics that will be affected by blast gates. Nordfab modular ducting is available in construction materials to fit your application. Nordfab Ducting offers a variety hoods and round to rectangular transitions for local exhaust ventilation (LEV) and dust collection. To make sure that you get the exact ducting system and performance you expect, Nordfab only sells through an experienced and trained Authorized Dealer network. All fit-together ducting systems allow for some degree of leakage where they are joined. Clamp-together ducting systems can be taken apart and reconfigured quickly and easily. Nordfab Installation Design Tools; Quick-Fit Visual 3D Design;Nordfab Ducting is quickly replacing spiral duct as the new standard for industrial round duct applications. Make sure the cut is free of burs and that it maintains its round shape. HV End Caps are used to block off the end of a vacuum pipe. AND to meet sustainability goals, we are adding over 1 Megawatt of. Map and address of our Europe facility View Larger Map. Nordfab stainless steel ducting features laser or plasma-welded seams to create. This article will discuss the benefits of vacuum dust systems and why you should have one installed in your workplace. Ductwork is available in galvanized and stainless steel construction. Nordfab Installation Design Tools. Galvanized steel construction. The Nordfab Quick-Fit Duct System is used in a wide variety of industries, from cement production to food and pharmaceutical manufacturing, in facilities of all sizes – from large manufacturing plants to small labs to one-person woodworking shops, almost anywhere de-dusting is required. Food ProcessingContact us to find your local ducting expert: info@nordfab. As part of the Woodworking Manufacturing Month celebration, we have a special offer for you through October 31, 2023: When you request a 3D duct installation design, we will apply a $250 discount on your first order for Nordfab ductwork totaling $1000 or more. 5. Nordfab Ducting provides a variety of technical resources to assist you as you specify or order our products. Assemblies are Rigid Flex Steel or Ultra Flex Steel Hose with welded flange ends. Thomasville team members are involved in sales and marketing, engineering, manufacturing, and distribution activities. Download our brochure pdf for additional information. Galvanized steel construction. Explore some of the reasons users choose QF Ducting for their dust collection systems. CLR=1. fit-together / clamp-together systems, Nordfab’s QF duct pipe has fully welded, leak-tight laser or plasma welded seams. All the Ducting Components You Need for Your Dust Collection / Process Ventilation . Nordfab manufactures ductwork used in dust collection and process ventilation systems in a wide range of industrial applications. ø7" - 24". Nordfab sells only through a network of authorised resellers. Industry Air Sales Ltd. Toll Free: 888-746-4973. The swivel movement allows flexibility in the duct, allowing it to rotate in all directions. When ordering reducers, specify dimensions of both A and B ends. com Phone: 800-532-0830 The world’s fastest ducting™ A Proven Application Nordfab’s ducting has been installed at concrete processing facilities for decades. 4-6 5 CFM 6 CFM. QF Ducting. Galvanized or stainless steel. Contact Nordfab or your Nordfab Authorized . Take a look at our products and get in touch for all enquiries. Flanged Pipe 14ga. Adapters allow connections to machinery as well as varying sizes of ducting. The software is complimentary. and cleanouts. Learn more. The key components of the Nordfab® QFS system are: 1) The ductwork has leak-resistant seams: QF ® Pipe and Quick-Fit® Sleeves have laser-welded solid seams. The software is complimentary. Products. The above is only a sampling of industries where Nordfab ducting has been applied. Clips for 2mm - 3mm Mild Steel FSDB. The product is a flat plate with an Angle Flange hole pattern. Up to 715 lbs. AST Mechanical are. Technical. Or use our contact form below to request a quote or other assistance and to learn about your local Nordfab dealer. . Elimination of air leakage makes a dust collection system. Nordfab ducting to create a clean, safe, and efficient environment in the food and pharmaceutical industry. To assist with the extraction and filtration of moist glass dust. Nordfab QF Ducting is used in industrial process ventilation systems of all types. Slide the O-ring across the rolled edge of the Quick-Fit Sleeve so. As part of the Woodworking Manufacturing Month celebration, we have a special offer for you through October 31, 2022: When you request a 3D duct installation design (example shown above), we will apply a $250 discount on your first order for Nordfab ductwork totaling $1000 or more. Machines connected to Nordfab Quick-Fit ductwork: 40. Available with flanged ends in diameters up to 72", and other various end types. Ducting. 5. QF® clip-together duct End Caps are used to block unused ducting ports. RGBL Automatic Diverter Valve. The ball joint has 360° directional capability and an angle from 0°-22°, depending on the application. The Sleeve Assembly is used to provide variable length adjustment. Galvanized steel or 304SS construction. Duct and connectors for use in process ventilation / dust collection systems, including straight duct, telescoping duct, clips, flanges, and gaskets. QF® Ducting Provides Ease of Cleaning and Reusability. 18 gauge wall thickness. Roof Skirt. Call 905-458-8900. Connections are made using couplings which seal securely. 3219-3400-200000. Long radius CLR=2. Take a look at our products and get in touch for all enquiries. If you're interested in learning more about becoming a Nordfab Dealer, please complete the following form and we will contact you within one business day. Clean air provides a safer environment for workers and can help maintain machinery efficiency. Nordfab Ducting provides a variety of technical resources to assist you as you specify or order our products. Flanged Long Radius Elbows (bends) allow airflow direction change in a line of dust collection ducting. Diameters 3" - 24" QF pipe, Quick-Fit Sleeves (adjustable nipples), and collars attached to other components will have one or both ends die formed-rolled to provide a uniform edge around the circumference of the rolled end. If your location is in the Americas, please call us at 336-821-0801 or complete our web Contact form to get contact information for your local dealer. Gauges (wall thickness) from 22ga to 10ga. Contact us to learn more about Nordfab and our industrial ducting for dust collection and process ventilation. 5 million project to expand our main Nordfab Americas manufacturing facility in Thomasville, NC, in order to provide faster and better customer service. For use only in clean air applications. Nordfab High Vacuum Duct Systems are used in applications in which the high vacuum and low airflow are being used to catch, transport, and filter fumes, dust, and other particles. Nordfab QF® Machine Adapters allow easy connection of Quick-Fit (QF) ductwork to machines requiring dust or fume removal. For immediate assistance in the Americas, please call our Customer Service. T mm. Nordfab ducting can be and is used in industrial air cleaning / process ventilation systems of all types around the world. 5 million expansion project, Nordfab Now®, which will allow us to ship most products next day. Nordfab America's array of tools for designing ductwork installations now includes an online 3D drawing tool, Quick-Fit Visual® (QFV®). Ductwork is available in galvanised and stainless steel construction (304 & 316L). Flanges available with industry standard or custom hole patterns. Tips on software tools to use when creating your next ductwork system design! Nordfab is the originator and the world’s largest manufacturer of clip-together ducting for industrial ventilation and process industry. pressed or segmented, for use in process ventilation / dust collection systems. Available with flanged ends in diameters up to 72", and other various end types. QF® duct can be installed in half the time of traditional ducting and is easily disassembled, cleaned, and reassembled without tools. Contact Nordfab Europe +45 86 47 11 00 - [email protected]AST Canada supplies high-performance ancillary products to customize any filtration system to production needs from leading manufacturers in their fields. A Nordfab packer pulls Quick-Fit pipe from stock at our manufacturing facility in Thomasville, NC. Enhanced Air Quality. QFV provides automatic sizing and static pressure loss calculations. Available with flanged ends in diameters up to 24. Ø150 - 1000 mm. Nordfab Ducting Americas 150 Transit Avenue Thomasville, NC 27360 USA Phone 336-821-0801 | 800-532-0830 Nordfab ducting parts are reusable, adaptable to an existing system, installs in half the time as conventional ducting, clamps together in seconds, and can handle wet/oil mist and abrasive applications. Galvanized and stainless steel construction. We've assembled duct parts information and packages specifically tailored to your application. Available in various diameters and lengths. 10 gauge Pipe has a plasma welded seam which provides a leak-free seal. Nordab manufactures modular systems that are available in 3" - 24" and also accommodate high wear applications with heavy guage ducting made in 8" - 24". Nordfab originated & is the largest supplier of clamp-together ducting in the world. Available in galvanized steel and 304SS (as shown below) or optional 316SS or carbon steel ; Available with flanged ends in diameters up to 72", and other various end types; Optional material. • Available in Galvanized and 304SS • Available with flanged ends in diameters up to 72", and other various end types • Optional gauges 20, 16, 14, 12 and 10 Contact Nordfab or. Nordfab hoods are economically priced and can be quickly produced. 8010004536. Look for Nordfab in booth B4746. The Quick-Fit® Butterfly Valve is constructed with a standard locking quadrant handle that enables users to regulate air volumes in clean air applications. ø80 - 710mm, galvanised steel or 304SS construction in new 2 meter length. As a part of those solutions, Nordfab Ducting provides professional, engineering services and fast delivery with tracking and user training. Standard version 30° or 45° angle, other degrees on request. FB Duct accessories for use in process ventilation / dust collection systems. Nordfab Ducting is used for a wide variety of dust extraction applications. Nordfab bends are available in 90°, 60°, 45°, 30°, and 15° angles. Available with flanged ends in diameters up to 72", and other various end types. Nordfab’s Gripple suspension system is used to hang all the ductwork. Our online 3D drawing tool, Quick-Fit Visual® (QFV®) can be used to create 3D designs to help you visualize Nordfab® dust collection duct systems in your facility. The dust extraction system installed consisted of a MDC 6000 P dust collector, Econo 15000 dust collector and a Galvanised sheet metal ducting system. HV Reducers are used in the Nordfab. Construction is complete on our new 55,000 square feet of production and warehouse space, part of our $5. Complete our Contact form or call us at 800-532-0830 to request assistance. Concrete Dust. Galvanized steel, 304SS, or carbon steel. QF Elbow 14ga. ø 3" to 8", sold in 5' lengths. 9001:2015 and ISO 14001:2015 registered, ensuring our depend-ability, quality, service, delivery, and minimum impact on the environment. It also supports pipe construction and air conditioning work. Adapters for High Vacuum Duct Systems. We have expanded our main production and warehouse facility from 87,000 to 142,000. The stainless steel ductwork manufactured by Nordfab is made available in 18 and 16 gauge steel and with Quick-Fit connections in diameters ranging from 8 to 24 inches. Nordfab Now® is a program intended to provide our duct products faster - to reduce the amount of time between order placement and product shipment. Clean air provides a safer environment for workers and can help maintain machinery efficiency. Available in galvanized steel and 304SS (as shown below) or optional 316SS. Ducting. Manufactures and wholesales spiral ducts and air conditioning ventilation ducts. NORDFAB PTY LTD. Nordfab Roof. Service Area. Flanged ducting can be constructed in gauges from 22 gauge to 10 gauge for the most difficult applications. Installers can simply and quickly clamp pieces together without any special tools, making Quick-Fit “The World’s. QF® ducting is no exception and is not sold as an airtight system. ø A (mm) Material. Ordering from Nordfab Ducting. Our service enables our resellers to design ducting systems, manage installation, and provide engineering for complete ducting solutions. Stainless steel offers exceptional corrosion resistance and can handle even the harshest conditions. $5. (IAS) provides Nordfab Ducting Systems in Ontario and other areas in Canada. We had great fun today celebrating two Nordfabulous occasions: the 50th anniversary of the Nordfab brand and the completion of our Nordfab Now® warehouse, which will allow us to ship our most commonly ordered products the day after order placement. Watch the video below. Ordering from Nordfab Ducting. Nordfab ducting can be and is used in industrial air cleaning / process ventilation systems of all types around the world. Nordfab’s Flexible Rigid Steel Hose is excellent for applications involving higher temperatures or abrasive material. Available in galvanized steel and 304SS (as shown below) or optional 316SS or carbon steel. Click to download brochure. Industrial ventilation generally includes Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) and General/Dilution Ventilation. SBMS Manual Damper. Nordfab Ducting manufactures Quick-Fit , a modular ductwork system for dust, mist, and fume collection. In addition to duct sealing, some oil mist applications can benefit from Nordfab’s Oil Mist Recycler. QF Branches (sometimes called “wyes” or “laterals”) are standard with QF rolled ends, allowing quick connections with other QF ductwork. Nordfab Now® Employee Celebration. Products. Top Competitors of Nordfab. Flanged Elbow 14ga. Nordfab Ducting 150 Transit Avenue Thomasville, NC 27360 800-532-0830 in ducting as part of a dust collection system, the Nordfab Quick-Fit® In-line Spark Trap greatly reduces the possibility of fire in cyclones / collectors by decreasing the number of sparks which could reach the cyclone or collector through the ductwork. Nordfab Ducting can provide, through our authorized dealers, detailed drawings, including a 3D design, and parts lists for your duct system. i. 18 gauge steel material adds extra durability. Take a look at our products and get in touch for all enquiries. A specially designed gasket inside the. The World’s Fastest Ducting. Products. Be sure that the Quick-Fit Slip Duct is downstream (closest to the dust collector) of the cut piece. Nordfab's specifications can also be found on SpecLink. When ordering, specify material, gauge. ORDER EXAMPLE: Floor Sweep Galv 160QF/FB. QF Router Hood w/ Magnet. In our QF system we can do three inches in diameter all the way up to twenty-four inches in diameter. Expanded must be within maximum opened dimension (. You must mention this special Woodworking Manufacturing Month offer. Inner funnel piece allows rain to drain out of ductwork even when system is not running. Enhances worker safety, providing a cleaner, healthier work environment. And the dust collector is the vacuum cleaner filtering dust and returning clean air either to the building or outside. Nordfab offers QFS™ Sealed Ducting to protect against leakage in ducting used in ventilation systems where oil mist and smoke are contaminants. ø 8" to 72". Nordfab. ZEN Industries Inc <25. We provide sales, service, design, installation & all supporting equipment for dust collection systems. Structural Integrity & Leakage. Nordfab provides ducting in sizes from 3" to 72" diameter. Nordfab modular ducting can easily be assembled using clamps, saving you up to 50% on installation time. Download Nordfab catalogues, brochures, product specifications, instructions, and price list. Nordfab Quick-Fit was installed on a 10,000+ CFM system solely by the plant’s maintenance staff. Learn more about the advantages of Quick-Fit ducting. Contact Nordfab Europe +45 86 47 11 00 - [email protected]60. Nordfab Flanged ducting is available in diameters up to 72 inches. Nordfab Quick-Fit Ducting; Fire & Explosion Mitigation – BOSS. Cold rolled steel sheet in 1312. Industry: Wood. Nordfab Ducting Catalogues Certificates QF Ducting Technical Data. Diameters 3" - 24" QF pipe, Quick-Fit Sleeves (adjustable nipples), and collars attached to other components will have one or both ends die formed-rolled to provide a uniform edge around the circumference of the rolled end. QF elbows in sizes 8″-24″ are. Get the latest updates on new products and upcoming sales. Galvanised steel: DX51D with Z275 Coating. Other degrees optional. FB Duct Bends, pressed or segmented, for use in process ventilation / dust collection systems. For immediate assistance in the Americas, please call our Customer Service team during normal business hours, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm EST, at 336-821-0801 or 800-532-0830. Learn more about the Quick-Fit Clamp. Hoods allow local source capture. Nordfab has recently switched to a new more durable, marine grade sealant which offers improved UV exposure performance. But before you get started on customizing your ductwork system, consider these tips for ordering Nordfab Ducting. com. ø 8" to 24". ø 4" to 14". Contact Nordfab or your local Nordfab dealer for assistance with larger sizes and material / gauge options. Gasket provides protection against leakage where sealed systems are needed. Nordfab Ducting can provide, through our authorized dealers, detailed drawings, including a 3D design, and parts lists for your duct system. Caulk is applied to seams / joints on other components as needed. Contact Nordfab Europe +45 86 47 11 00. Contact Nordfab Europe. NordFab has a full service engineering department to assist in the design of virtually any duct system. Clean air provides a safer environment for workers and can help maintain machinery efficiency. Jet cowls, back pressure flap valves, silencers, spark traps, and other ductwork for special application. In comparison to other ducting typically used in fit-together / clamp-together systems, Nordfab’s QF duct pipe has fully welded, leak-tight laser or plasma welded seams. Diameters 7″ – 8″ are. ft. 5. Sizes from 3" to 72" diameter. Quick-Fit® 14 gauge Elbows have rolled ends for use with Quick-Fit Clamps, allowing quick assembly / disassembly and relocation. Service Area. Nordfab ® introduced Quick-Fit ® clamp-together ductwork, with its unique rolled. 7/25/2023. Nordfab offers a fast and friendly CAD-based software tool to assist with designing Nordfab ductwork installations. +44 (0) 1132 739 400 - uksales@nordfab. When ordering, specify material, gauge (if nonstandard), dimensions A, B, C, end styles if not all QF, and angle (standard 30°, optional 45°). Since 2009, Nordfab has manufactured our reliable Quick-Fit® Clamp in our factory in Thomasville, NC, USA. Read about how Nordfab ducting was used due to its durability and ease of disassembly and re-assembly in this metal parts fabrication application. • 800-532-0830. Slide the cut end of the QF Duct into the Quick-Fit Slip Duct. All fit-together ducting systems allow for some degree of leakage where they are joined. 0 or 1. Known as "The World's Fastest Ducting" because it is so quick to install, clean out, and reconfigure, Nordfab® ducting can be and is used in industrial air cleaning / process ventilation systems of all types. When ordering reducers, specify dimensions of both A and B ends. All the Ducting Components You Need for Your Dust Collection / Process Ventilation . Take a look at our products and get in touch for all enquiries.